How fundamental knowledge on mass transfer in bubbly flows will help process intensification

We are in danger of losing our current standards living due to the depletion natural resources. It is essential decrease amount waste produced. In reactor engineering, production caused by formation byproducts. To increase selectivity reactor, fluid dynamics should benefit intrinsic reaction kinetics, which can only be done when each molecule has exactly same experience. The mass transfer from a bubble generally assessed solely overall coefficient bubble. However, concentration profile far uniform transferred obtained seems confined hydrodynamic wake structures quite stable and not easily disturbed other bubbles. This leads large gradients bulk, prevents molecules liquid have or similar experience reactor. As this will impact on consecutive reactors considered. would future study these local mixing profiles bubbly flows particular multi-phase general.